A Benjamin Graham classic, The Intelligent Investor, is the stock market bible since its original publication in 1949. It is designed in a form suitable for the laymen and it overflows with the wisdom to guide in the adoption and execution of investment policies. Graham's philosophy boasts not of profit maximization but loss minimization.

Backwardation is when the current price of an underlying asset is higher than prices trading in the futures market. It can occur as a result of a higher demand for an asset currently than the contracts maturing in the coming months through the futures market. Traders use backwardation to make a profit by selling short at the current price and buy at the lower futures price.

Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises was an Austrian School economist, historian, and sociologist. He was one of the last members of the original Austrian School of Economics. Mises believed that economic truths are derived from self-evident axioms and cannot be empirically tested. Mises had a strong influence on young people. The resurgent Austrian school in the United States owes itself in no small part to Mises’s persistence.

Harry Dent is a leading economics and markets guru, bestselling author, and one of the most outspoken financial editors in America. Harry is the Founder and Senior Editor at Dent Research, where he dedicates himself to identifying and studying demographic, technological, and geopolitical trends. Using proprietary research, he developed a unique method for studying economies around the world, and uses his analysis to provide insights on what to expect in the future. He also provides tactical allocation advice on mutual funds to various investment firms. Harry has also written numerous successful and award-winning books over the last few decades, from The Great Boom Ahead in 1992 to Zero Hour in 2017. He is also the author of the New York Times bestseller, The Great Depression Ahead, among many other economic and financial books.

Black Monday is a nickname for the US stock market crash that happened in 1987

Quasi-Government institution that manages a countries currency, money supply and interest rates.

The Mining Industry is involved in the extraction of precious minerals and other geological materials through the use of sophisticated and productive machinery, along with digitization, to continuously prosper by increasing productivity while decreasing cost. With its main assets its reserves and resources, this industry provides most of the materials to build infrastructure and instruments of daily use, to obtain large amounts of energy, and to supply agricultural needs. Typical activities in the mining industry include metals production, metals investing, and metals trading. With the present mining challenges, the mining legacy has repeatedly discussed its relationship with environmental health and sustainable development.